作业帮拉丁语动词不定式完成被动语态除了主格还能用其他格吗?Gãius dïciL Iitterãs ã së scrlptãs esse,G.says thω the letter was written by him (Gaius).Gãius dïcit liUerãs Libi scrlbendã
来源：学生作业帮助网 编辑：作业帮 时间：2024/04/29 04:46:56
拉丁语动词不定式完成被动语态除了主格还能用其他格吗?Gãius dïciL Iitterãs ã së scrlptãs esse,G.says thω the letter was written by him (Gaius).Gãius dïcit liUerãs Libi scrlbendã
拉丁语动词不定式完成被动语态除了主格还能用其他格吗?
Gãius dïciL Iitterãs ã së scrlptãs esse,
G.says thω the letter was written by him (Gaius).
Gãius dïcit liUerãs Libi scrlbendãs esse,
G.s αry's thω the letter ought to be written by you (or thω you ought to write
the letter).
Discipulï putant së linguam Latïnam amãLürõs esse,
the (male) studenls think thαl they will love the Latin lan♂4αge.
这是从书中看到的几个例句.请问是不是可以用其他格啊?
Gãius dïcit Iitterãs ã së scrlptãs esse,
G.says that the letter was written by him (Gaius).
Gãius dïcit litterãs tibi scrlbendãs esse,
G.says that the letter ought to be written by you (or that you ought to write
the letter).
Discipulï putant së linguam Latïnam amãtürõs esse,
the (male) students think thαt they will love the Latin languαge.
拉丁语动词不定式完成被动语态除了主格还能用其他格吗?Gãius dïciL Iitterãs ã së scrlptãs esse,G.says thω the letter was written by him (Gaius).Gãius dïcit liUerãs Libi scrlbendã
看到您举的例句了.:)
这些例句都是间接陈述句,其中由动词的某种形式+esse所构成的不定式（既有完成时被动态,也有将来时主动态）是由所谓间接陈述句的主语宾语（subject accusative of the indirect statement,即对从句而言是一个取宾格的主语,如上面例句中的litteras,linguam Latinam）所引导.这是拉丁语中一类特殊的不定式用法.特别地,在间接陈述句中的不定式的动词是系动词（如esse）的情况下,通常伴随着谓语宾语（predicate accusative）或取宾格的谓语形容词（predicate adjective in the accusative case）.所以,在以上例句中,这些与esse构成间接陈述句的谓语形容词（包括PPP）都必须取宾格,以与其所修饰的主语宾语的格（即宾格）相一致.这并不是完成时被动态不定式所特有的,而是所有不定式在作为间接陈述句的谓语形容词时都遵循的规则,如第三个例句中amaturos是amo的将来时主动态不定式amaturus的宾格形式.
顺便说一下,第二个例句的英语翻译似乎并不准确.因为tibi是tu的与格,是to/for you的意思.所以这句话的翻译应该是Gaius says that the letter ought to be written to you.而且,scribo这个词的scribendum esse这种特定用法常特指草拟政治草案或法律文书,所以这句话很可能应译为Gaius says that the ordinance is being drawn up for you.如果有上下文的话,应能作更准确的判断.