各个时态的标志语时态要全(一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,完成进行时,过去完成时)感激不尽!

各个时态的标志语时态要全(一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,完成进行时,过去完成时)感激不尽!
各个时态的标志语
时态要全(一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,完成进行时,过去完成时)
感激不尽!

各个时态的标志语时态要全(一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,完成进行时,过去完成时)感激不尽!
一般现在时
1. 一般情况在末尾直接加-ing；如：drink-drinking2. 以不发音的-e结尾,先去掉-e再加-ing,如make-making；3. 以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,它的前面是单个元音字母,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ing,如wet-wetting. 4. 以-ie结尾的动词,变-ie为-y,再加-ing.例如:lie-lying,tie-tying.
一般过去时
规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成,具体变化有：
1. 直接在词尾加-ed.如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned
2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d.如：like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved
3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed.如：stop—stopped, trip—tripped
4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed.如：study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married
不规则动词的过去式见课本后的不规则动词表.大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法：
1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同.如：put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat
2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t.如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent
3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t.如：mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt
4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew.如：blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew
5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t.如：keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt
6. 含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a.如：sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank
规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音：
1. 在清辅音后读作[t].如：asked, helped, watched, stopped
2在浊辅音和元音后读作[d].如：enjoyed, studied, moved, called
3. 在t / d后读作[id].如：wanted, needed
现在分词的构成方法如下 ： 一般情况下,直接在动词原形后面加 -ing.
going asking finding working being seeing printing raining standing studying speaking spelling
以不发音的-e 结尾的动词,去-e ,再加-ing. coming taking firing encircling writing becoming breathing leaving
闭音节的单音节词,或以重读闭音节结尾的多音节词,这些词的末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写这个辅音字母,再加 -ing.
sitting running getting cutting stopping beginning planning permitting
现在进行时
1.直接加ing
2.以e结尾省掉e加ing
3.重读闭音节结尾,一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾,双写辅音字母加ing
4.还有特殊动词lie -lying ,die -dying
过去进行时
一、过去进行时的概念及构成1.过去进行时的概念过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作,与表示过去的时间状语连用.2.过去进行时的构成过去进行时由“was(were)+现在分词”构成.过去进行时的肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句及其简语答语如下(以talk为例)表.二、过去进行时的基本用法1.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作动作发生的特定时间常用一个短语或时间状语从句来表明.例如:What was he doing at this time last week?上周这个时候他在干什么?It was raining when we left school.我们离开学校的…
现在完成时
1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响.
2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语.
一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now等,皆为具体的时间状语.
现在完成时的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等,皆不确定的时间状语.
共同的时间状语：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等.
3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know..
一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等.例如：
I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了）
I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了）
Why did you get up so early? （强调起床的动作已发生过了）
Who hasn't handed in his paper? （强调有卷子未交,疑为不公平竞争）
He has been in the League for three years. （在团内的状态可延续）
He has been a League member for three years. （是团员的状态可持续）
句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时.
（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.

一般过去时的用法

1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?
2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
When I was a c...

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一般过去时的用法

1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?
2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
3）句型：
It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"
It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了"
It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。
It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'
I'd rather you came tomorrow.
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。
I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
比较：
一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。
Christine was an invalid all her life.
(含义：她已不在人间。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.
(含义：她现在还活着)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.
(含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.
( 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去)

1） 概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。
2） 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。
3) 常用的时间状语
this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.
It was raining when they left the station.
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.
过去完成时
1） 概念：表示过去的过去
----|-------|-----|---->其构成是had +过去分词构成。
那时以前 那时 现在
2） 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
现在完成时

现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状 态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去 但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或 状态。其构成： have (has) +过去分词。

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